Gall bladder is a greenish colored small organ located behind the liver in which the bile is stored. Bile is a liquid produced by the liver which helps in the digestion of the food.When the body has to digest some fat, gall bladder contracts and the bile so released is passed to the small intestine where it helps in the digestive process. Bile contains bile salts, cholesterol, bilirubin, water and fats. When the percentage of bile salts,cholesterol and bilirubin increases in the bile it may result in the solidification of the bile liquid into stones. 80 % of the gall stones are formed by hardened cholesterol and it has an yellowish green color. Gall stones may be in the form of a single larger one or may consist of hundreds of smaller ones.

Gall stones may block the passage of bile to smaller intestine. The blocked bile can cause infection of the gall bladder and rarely it can extend to liver also. Continuance of this block may lead to sever problems like fever, persistent pain and jaundice and can cause fatal damage to vital organs like pancreas, liver, gall bladder etc.

Gall bladder stones can be removed through surgical procedure only. There are two main type of surgical procedures in practice for removing gall bladder stones. One is the traditional procedure in which a long incision is needed and other is the laparoscopic procedure in which only two or three small incisions are needed and hence it is less painful and requires less time for recovery.